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Surds & Indices

1.

\(125 \times 125 \times 125 \times 125 \times 125 = 5^?\)

Answer: C

\(125 \times 125 \times 125 \times 125 \times 125 = (5^3 \times 5^3 \times 5^3 \times 5^3 \times 5^3 \times ) = 5^{(3+3+3+3+3+)} = 5^{15}\)

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2.

If \(a^x = b, b^y = c\) and \(c^z = a\), then the value of \(xyz\) is:

Answer: B

\(a^1 = c^z = (b^y)^z = b^{yz} = (a^x)^{yx} = a^{xyz}.\)

Therefore, \(xyz = 1.\)

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3.

If \(2^{(x-y)} = 8\) and \(2^{(x+y)} = 32\), then \(x\) is equal to:

Answer: C

\(2^{(x-y)} = 8 = 2^3 \)

\(\Rightarrow x-y = 3 ....(1) \)

\(2^{(x+y)} = 32 = 2^5 \)

\(\Rightarrow x+y = 5 ....(2)\)

On solving (1) & (2), we get \(x = 4.\)

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4.

If \(3^x - 3^{x-1} = 18\), then the value of \(x^x\) is:

Answer: A

\(3^x - 3^{x-1} = 18 \)

\(\Rightarrow 3^{x-1} \times (3-1) = 18 \)

\(\Rightarrow 3^{x-1} = 9 = 3^2 \)

\(\Rightarrow x-1 = 2 \)

\(\Rightarrow x = 3\).

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5.

If \(7^a = 16807\), then the value of \(7^{(a-3)}\) is:

Answer: A

\(7^a = 16807, \)

\(\Rightarrow 7^a = 7^5, a = 5\)

Therefore, \(7^{(a-3)} = 7^{(5-3)} = 7^2 = 49\)

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